PERILAKU ADSORPSI GEN RESISTENSI AMPISILIN PADA KARBON AKTIF DALAM PENGOLAHAN AIR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jrs.22.2.231-241.2026Keywords:
Gen Resistensi Ampisilin, Antibiotic Resistance Genes, Assorpsi, Karbon Aktif, Model Isoterm FreundlichAbstract
Kontaminasi antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) dalam air baku masih menjadi isu penting dalam sistem penyediaan air minum karena berpotensi mempercepat penyebaran resistensi antibiotik di lingkungan perairan. Teknologi pengolahan air konvensional belum sepenuhnya mampu menurunkan keberadaan kontaminan genetik tersebut secara optimal. Adsorpsi menggunakan karbon aktif menjadi salah satu alternatif yang banyak digunakan, namun informasi mengenai mekanisme interaksi dan kapasitas penyerapan ARGs berbasis plasmid masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik adsorpsi serta kapasitas penyerapan gen resistensi ampisilin (ampR) pada berbagai jenis karbon aktif dalam sistem pengolahan air minum. Eksperimen dilakukan menggunakan metode batch dengan sepuluh variasi karbon aktif, yang terdiri dari lima karbon aktif berbasis batubara dan lima berbasis kayu. Evaluasi kapasitas adsorpsi dilakukan dengan model isoterm Freundlich untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara konsentrasi kesetimbangan dan jumlah gen yang teradsorpsi pada permukaan adsorben. Model ini menghasilkan dua parameter utama, yaitu KF dan 1/n, yang masing-masing merepresentasikan kekuatan adsorpsi serta afinitas interaksi antara adsorbat dan adsorben. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai KF bervariasi tergantung jenis karbon aktif yang digunakan. Untuk karbon aktif berbasis batubara, nilai KF berada pada kisaran 1.28 x 10^-2 hingga 9.00 x 10^8 (copies mg^-1)1-1/n, sedangkan pada karbon aktif berbasis kayu berkisar antara 4.05 x 10^4 hingga 4.00 x 10^8 (copies mg^-1)1-1/n. Selain itu, nilai eksponen Freundlich (1/n) untuk seluruh sampel karbon aktif berada pada rentang 0.14-0.95. Rentang ini menunjukkan bahwa proses adsorpsi ampR berlangsung secara menguntungkan, yang mengindikasikan adanya afinitas yang baik antara gen resistensi ampisilin dan permukaan internal karbon aktif. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif memiliki potensi yang baik sebagai adsorben untuk mengurangi konsentrasi gen resistensi ampisilin dalam air. Variasi nilai parameter adsorpsi menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik material berpengaruh terhadap efisiensi penyerapan. Temuan ini memberikan pemahaman penting mengenai perilaku adsorpsi ARGs serta mendukung pengembangan teknologi pengolahan air yang lebih efektif dalam mengendalikan penyebaran resistensi antibiotik di lingkungan perairan.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sri Anggreini, Neisya Shakila, Ade Jaya Saputra

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